Chapter 10: Living Creatures: Exploring their Characteristics

A seashell can be a home — and a body part — of a living snail. So how do we tell living from non-living? Explore life processes, germination, and plant growth.

"Life is not measured by the number of breaths we take, but by the moments that take our breath away."
— Maya Angelou

What Sets Living Apart from Non-Living?

Use MRS GREN + D as your life-process checklist:

M — Movement

Animals move; plants also show movements (flower opening; climbers twining; Drosera trapping insects; Mimosa folding on touch).

R — Respiration

Humans breathe (lungs); plants exchange gases via stomata.

S — Sensitivity/Response

Thorn prick → withdraw; hot cup → pull back; Mimosa folds; some plants "sleep" at night.

G — Growth

Children outgrow clothes; plants add roots, shoots, leaves.

R — Reproduction

Organisms produce young ones/seeds (continuity of life).

E — Excretion

Sweat/urine in animals; tiny water droplets (guttation) in grasses/roses.

N — Nutrition

All living beings need food/energy; plants make food, animals eat plants/other animals.

+ D — Death

Life processes eventually stop; non-living doesn't have this.

💡 Warm-up (Table idea):

Make a 3-column list — ThingLiving/Non-livingReason using MRS GREN + D. Cars move but do not grow/respire/excrete/reproduce → non-living.

Are Seeds Living? — Germination Conditions (Activity)

Set up four pots for ~15 days and observe:

A — No water, sunlight present

No germination (water missing).

B — Excess water, sunlight present

No/poor germination (waterlogged soil → no air).

C — Moist soil, dark

Germination occurs (air + water present).

D — Moist soil, sunlight present

Germination occurs (air + water present).

Conclusion:

Water + air are essential for germination; light isn't essential for bean seeds (species vary). After sprouting, light is needed for healthy growth.

Why? Water softens the seed coat and activates the embryo; air (oxygen) in soil spaces supports seed respiration.

Growth & Movement in Plants (Activity)

Upright + light all around:

Shoot grows up, root grows down.

Inverted seedling:

Shoot bends up, root bends down.

One-sided light:

Shoot bends toward light (phototropism); root continues down (positive geotropism).

Plant Growth & Movement Diagram

Upright: light all around
Shoot
↑ Upward
Root
↓ Downward
Inverted: light all around
Shoot
↗ Bends Upward
Root
↙ Bends Downward
Upright: light from one side
Shoot
→ Bends toward light
Root
↓ Downward

Life Cycle Case Studies

🌱 Bean Plant Life Cycle

SeedGerminationSeedlingMature PlantFlowerFruitNew Seeds

🦋 Butterfly Life Cycle

EggLarva (Caterpillar)Pupa (Chrysalis)Adult Butterfly

🐸 Frog Life Cycle

EggTadpoleFrogletAdult Frog

HOTS / Exam-Style Practice

  1. 1

    A robot can move, respond to touch, and even "learn." Using MRS GREN + D, explain why it's still considered non-living.

  2. 2

    Why do seeds need air for germination? What happens if soil is waterlogged?

  3. 3

    Explain the difference between phototropism and geotropism with examples.

  4. 4

    Design an experiment to test if temperature affects seed germination. What variables would you control?

  5. 5

    Compare the life cycles of a plant and an animal. What are the similarities and differences?

Quick Recap

  • Use MRS GREN + D to identify living things: Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition, and Death.
  • Seeds need water + air for germination; light is not essential initially but needed for healthy growth.
  • Plants show phototropism (bend toward light) and geotropism (roots grow down, shoots grow up).
  • All living things go through life cycles with different stages of growth and development.

Need Help Understanding Living Creatures?

Our expert mentors can help you master life processes, germination experiments, and plant growth with hands-on activities and real-world examples.